The fundamental difference between VATS and traditional thoracotomy is the surgical approach. Therefore, the biggest challenge of VATS is not in achieving operative proficiency under the endoscope but rather in finding the unique surgical methods that match the various endoscopic procedures. This book brings together the literature on VATS procedures that have published in AME journals in recent years, covering all aspects of single-direction VATS lung procedures (especially for lung cancer). All the articles include detailed methodological descriptions, along with specific technical steps and video demonstrations. Notably, many top thoracic surgeons have also commented on these techniques, and we are honored to receive their perspectives. Hope that the publication of this book will benefit the researchers all around the world.