This book, entitled“Targeted Therapy in Lung Cancer,”includes a comprehensive collection of reviews that cover the latest approaches to targeted therapy in lung cancer. In the first section, the identification and clinical implications of driver mutations, the association of mutations with immunotherapy response, and the effect of patient characteristics on targeted therapy response are described. It provides detailed information on the clinical application of targeted therapy in various settings. The second section of the book goes in depth in discussing strategies to target both common (such as EGFR, KRAS, TP53) and rare genetic changes in lung cancer. It covers a broad topic including the biology of these driver alterations in lung cancer and how these alterations shape the drug response. This book will serve as a comprehensive and up-to-date resource for clinicians, researchers, and students who are interested in targeted therapy for lung cancer. It provides the latest information on targeted therapy, including current challenges and potential solutions. We sincerely hope that this book will contribute to the ongoing efforts to improve the care and outcomes of patients with lung cancer.